مجله علوم پیراپزشکی و بهداشت نظامی
سال هفدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 44، تابستان 1401)

In the laboratory, the time required to measure body-fluids components is usually one to two working days. The laboratory methods require sample preparation and instrument cleaning after the sample reading. In emergency scenarios, the physician does not have much time to make a clinical decision. To solve these challenges, a portable system for measuring the body fluids components is introduced, which aims to improve the accuracy and precision of laboratory examinations by eliminating the visual comparison and quantifying the sample scanning.

Methods and Materials: 

To evaluate the system’s performance, the standard hemoglobin color scale was scanned by the system. For system calibration to determine the hemoglobin concentration of blood samples, the samples with hemoglobin concentrations of 6 gr/dl, 10 gr/dl, and 14 gr/dl were considered standard calibration concentrations. Based on the color intensity-hemoglobin concentration curve defined for the system, the error of hemoglobin concentration reading is determined in the concentration range of 4-14 gr/dl.

After system calibration for the standard hemoglobin color scale, the concentrations of the unknown samples were determined based on the color intensity of the samples and using the fitted equation for the color intensity-hemoglobin concentration curve (Y=9.6*X-23.9). The mean error of concentrations read by the system was 1.59%.

Each device that has been marketed for the immediate measurement of body fluids components is designed for a specific purpose and it is not capable of examining other components. Therefore, a simple-use system is needed that can quantify several body fluids components for emergency cases and it works in areas where there is no access to laboratory equipment. For this purpose, the present system is designed in such a way that it is capable to read various body fluids components in 1-3 minutes with a minimum of sample magnitudes and there is no need to sample preparation. There is no special complexity in the design of the system. It is very easy to carry and use and it does not require periodic replacement of the system elements.

Gastroentrology is a dominant medical study in military forces. Stress is found in the nature of military jobs and it is an important factor in irritable bowel syndrome. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of health perception between life events and stress management with health status in military pateints with irritable bowel syndrome: A structural equation model approach

Methods and Materials: 

The population of the study was all patients with irritable bowel syndrome who were refered to Sajad clinic between the years of 2020 to 2021. The sample of study was 229 persons who were selected through purposeful sampling method and they were diagnosed based on ROME-IV criteria. Research tools included the Bringsen Salutogenic Health Indicators Scale, Epstein Stress Management Questionnaire, Adams the Perceived Wellness, and Sarason life event inventory. Data were analysed using mean, standard deviation, and regression correlation through SPSS software version 20. Moreover, structural equation model approach was used by LISREL software version 8.

This study showed that the structural model of health status based on stress management and life events mediated by health perception in military patients with IBS have desired goodness of fit. (RMSEA=0.08, NNFI =0.92 ، NFI= 0.90, IFI=0.90 ،CFI= 0.91 ، X2/DF=2.97). Analysis of direct path showed that stress management hase a direct, positive and significant effect on health status (t= 2.753, ß=0.17). The impact of life events on health status was direct, significant and negative (t= -2.31, ß= -42.0). On indirect path the health perception mediated role between stress management and life events with health status was significant at the level of 0.05 and standard coefficient (0.11-0.13)

Considering the role of stress management, life events and health perception on health status, it is recommended that proper training can be provided on stress management, life events control; improve health perception training to increase the abilities of promoting health status in military patients with IBS.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterium has a high resistance to most anti-Pseudomonas drugs, which has caused concern all over the world. Therefore, the effect of lytic bacteriophages on Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates with multi-drug resistance is investigated in this research.

Methods and Materials:

 Different strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterium were identified and isolated from different clinical samples during 5 months (May 2021 to October 2021) from hospitals and laboratories in different parts of Tehran. Moreover, antibiotic resistance was determined by disk diffusion method. Isolates with resistance to all drugs were selected and analyzed by molecular method. Then, the isolation of bacteriophages from hospital and city wastewater was performed and the presence of bacteriophages was investigated by plaque formation. After enriching and concentrating the isolated bacteriophages and staining the samples, transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to examine the morphology of the bacteriophages.

Among 70 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 24 (34%) strains of bacteria had multidrug resistance to all tested antibiotics and bacteriophage plaques were seen against 22 (91%) of them. In the pictures taken by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), the main bacteriophage was identified in all plaques, which were similar to Podoviridae and Plasmoviridae families.

The bacteriophages that were isolated have a very good bactericidal effect on isolates with multi-drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterium and they can be suitable candidates for using in phage therapy against these infections.

The use of task-based learning method in operating room technology students can be very important. Due to existing limitations such as the lack of hospital operating rooms, these students do not have the possibility to pass theoretical and clinical units at the same time. This possibility can be providing with the help of the task-based learning method. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of the task-based educational method on the operating room technologist students’ speed of operation.

Methods and Materials: 

The current research was a semi-experimental type in which 57 4th and 6th semesters operating room students were selected by head count method and they were divided into two intervention and control groups. Then, they were trained with two learning methods based on task and routine method. The speed of the students’ action was also evaluated by determining the maximum total time of 3 minutes to complete the observation checklist. Data were analyzed using Spss statistical software version 22.

The results of the present study in the implementation of training with the task-based learning method showed that the speed of the students’ performance based on the observation checklist in the case group is significantly higher than the control group. This issue is very valuable and applicable in the field of surgery. (P<0.001)

Based on the results of this study, task-based learning (TBL) is an efficient method in the clinical training of operating room technologist students. Moreover, it improves clinical performance and it increases the speed of students’ work. Therefore, the use of this training method is recommended to those who are responsible for the training of operating room technologists.

Health care personnel are one of the vulnerable groups in relation to the covid-19 disease. Moreover, the exposure of operating room technologists to physical and mental risk factors, especially in the conditions of the corona epidemic, can also affect their work life. be influential. This study aimed to investigate the anxiety, quality of sleep and quality of work life of operating room technologists in the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic.

Methods and Materials: 

This research was a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study that was conducted on 80 operating room technologists of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences teaching hospitals by non-random sampling method in 1400. Data collection tools included demographic information questionnaire, Spielberger anxiety questionnaire, Pittsburgh sleep quality questionnaire and Walton work life quality questionnaire. The information was entered into SPSS software version 22 and data were analyzed after completing the questionnaires by the research units.

80 operating room technologists with an average age of 33.5 were studied in this research. 22 of them were male and 58 of them were female. The findings showed that the average anxiety of technologists in the operating room was 46.67±9.90, which is an average level, and the average score of their sleep quality is 8.63±3.53 which is relatively low. Furthermore, the average quality of their work life was 66.30±16.47, which is in the medium level. The results showed that the quality of work life has a significant relationship with the anxiety and sleep quality of the operating room technologists (p<0.05). Thus, the quality of their work life should be improved by decreasing the anxiety level and increasing the quality of sleep.

The results of this study showed that the anxiety and sleep quality of operating room technologists can affect the quality of their work life. As a result, it is possible to improve the quality of work life of technologists, increase the productivity of the hospital, and provide appropriate services to patients by taking appropriate measures to reduce the level of anxiety and improve the quality of sleep.

Internal quality control is a necessary part of the quality control system that assays the accuracy and precision of the analytical phase. This study has been considered the assessment of internal quality control results and their matching to Westgard rules at Hamedan teaching hospital medical laboratories in 2021-2022.

Methods and Materials: 

In this research, the internal quality control result data of six Hamedan teaching hospital medical laboratories in 2021-2022 was collected for assessment of their matching to Westgard rules. Then, frequency diagrams were used to describe the collected data.

The usage of control was 415 cases (90%) in the hematology department, 86% in the microbiology department, 347 cases (75%) in the biochemistry department, and 15 cases (10%) in the serology department. Matching to the Westgard rules indicated that 88 cases (85.3%) of results were in the warning range and 15 cases (14.7%) of the results were in the result rejection range in the biochemistry and hematology department. The performed actions to eliminate errors were 65% equipment calibration, 13.3% equipment rewashing, 13% replacement of controls/ solutions, and 8.7% repairing of devices.

The highest percentage of internal quality control implementation was at the hematology department, the lowest one was at the serology department, and the most performed action was equipment calibration.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition associated with a sudden loss of sensory, motor, and autonomic function. Despite significant advances in medical and surgical care, there is no effective treatment for its neurological deficits, which can be partly due to the highly complex pathophysiological mechanisms involved in SCI. Inflammatory cascade and overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are secondary events of injury. Reducing the level of ROS with the help of antioxidants seems to be one of the alternative therapies to reduce oxidative stress. This study aims to review the effect of four natural and strong antioxidants (astaxanthin, saffron and its active ingredients, curcumin, and resveratrol) in spinal cord injuries research studies.

Methods and Materials: 

The present study was reviewed 77 scientific articles and the results were extracted from them. The articles have been searched in international databases using oxidative stress, antioxidant, herbal medicine, spinal cord injury, resveratrol, curcumin, saffron, and astaxanthin keywords, with an emphasis on neuroprotective mechanisms caused by them, mainly between the years of 2010 and 2022.

Oxidative stress and inflammation play an important role in the pathophysiology of SCI. Inhibition of oxidative invasion can significantly reduce the occurrence of inflammation, infection, apoptosis, and dysfunction. Therefore, it seems that adjunctive treatment with potent antioxidants can improve the outcome for spinal cord injury patients.

The use of natural antioxidants can be an important section of future research in the field of SCI treatment. Continuing studies on bioactive compounds with the capacity to inhibit ROS may lead to the development of effective methods based on antioxidant treatment in human studies of SCI.

Military forces are exposed to certain diseases and hazards due to occupational conditions. This review study was conducted to investigate the effect of telemedicine in military medicine.

Methods and Materials: 

A systematic literature review of the studies was conducted by searching for relevant keywords in the title, abstract and related keywords of Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed in the authoritative scientific databases. English-language articles related to the development, role and effect of telemedicine in military medicine were included in the study on December 30 in 2021 without time limit. Exclusion criteria included review articles, full-text abstracts, letters to the editor, and lack of access to the full text of the articles. Eligibility criteria were independently screened by two authors. The same checklist was used to extract data such as reference, year of publication, country name, first author name, telemedicine approach, outcome, or training strategy.

Initially, 250 studies were retrieved from database searches and 19 studies were included in this study. Twelve studies were conducted in barracks or military areas. Four of them were performed in navy and three of them were done in war zone. Outcomes in studies including the use of telemedicine in orthopedic services (n= 4) intensive care (n= 3), psychology and surgical psychiatry (n= 5), physiological and biological monitoring of soldiers (n= 2), decision system for biological casualties (n= 1), physician training program (n= 4) including trauma were the predominant specialties that used telemedicine. Communication approachesused by telemedicine included online video conferencing, email, telephone, wearable technology, websites, and mobile applications. Most approaches were synchronous through the online video conferencing platform and websites. All studies reported the positive effects of telemedicine on the consequences of providing health care in the military. Among the major challenges facing the widespread implementation of telemedicine in operational environments were network constraints and cybersecurity concerns. Reliable communication, high bandwidth, low latency and security are essential to facilitate and make better use of telemedicine capabilities.

Telemedicine in military medicine has a very high potential in caring for this type of patient. This potentially not only maintains the operational readiness of reliable caregivers, but also improves the patient experience by minimizing deprivations of health care. Given the security constraints as the most important challenge, it must develop and train a full range of telemedicine support options, including high-bandwidth and secure solutions.